LCI databases compared

Written by Jonathan Balsvik, last updated October 2026

A life cycle inventory (LCI) database is a collection of datasets that describe the inputs and outputs of processes: products, materials, energy, wastes and elementary flows (emissions to air, water and soil, and resources taken from nature). Each dataset is published against a flow list, a fixed nomenclature of flow names, compartments, units and identifiers, and against modeling rules for allocation, recycling and system boundaries, so databases are not interchangeable. This page describes the main databases from their publishers' own documentation, then explains what must match before data from two sources can be combined.

ecoinvent

Publisher: the ecoinvent Association, Zurich.

The database holds "more than 26,000 datasets modeling human activities and processes" and is "updated annually" [1]. Coverage is global. Version 3.9.1 (December 2022) was a corrections release; 3.10 (November 2023) added the HS 2017 product classification; 3.11 (November 2024) added "more than 2,066 new and 4,497 updated datasets"; 3.12 (November 2025) updated ten sectors, with electricity mixes mostly to 2022 [2] [3] [4]. Each release page lists known errata; a corrective release (3.10.1) was issued when results were affected [2].

System model: the same unit process data is published under several system models. In "Allocation, cut-off by classification", "recyclable materials are available burden-free to recycling processes". "Allocation at the Point of Substitution" (APOS) shares waste burdens "between producers and subsequent users benefiting from the treatment processes". "Substitution, consequential, long-term" moves by-products "to the input side with a negative sign". "Allocation, cut-off, EN15804" moves the cut-off point to follow EN 15804 end-of-waste criteria [5]. Licenses bundle three system models; the EN 15804 model is an add-on with a "one-time fee" [6].

Unit process versus aggregated: both. The ecoSpold2 XML format "is designed to represent all three stages of life cycle assessment: UPR, LCI, and LCIA" [7]; openLCA Nexus distributes JSON-LD versions.

Flow list: ecoinvent's own elementary exchange list, keyed by name, compartment, sub-compartment and unit with a UUID.

License: single-user, enterprise, developer and educational annual licenses; prices are not shown publicly [1] [6].

Review: each dataset "is first reviewed by an independent expert in the corresponding field", then "at least two cross-cutting editors review the dataset for consistency" [8].

Known limits: ecoinvent implements "only global CFs", and its method implementations "may differ from implementations provided by LCA software" [9].

Sphera Managed LCA Content (formerly GaBi databases)

Publisher: Sphera.

The 2023 rebrand covered "the GaBi Databases to Sphera Managed LCA Content" and "the GaBi Software to Sphera LCA for Experts" [10]. Sphera states "20,000 datasets", "more than 100 countries and regions" and data from "over 60 industry associations" [11]. Updates are annual with mid-year additions; the 2026.1 update added "over 800 new datasets", and a 2026.2 edition followed [12] [13].

System model: attributional, with allocation documented in the "Modeling Principles" document [13] [14].

Unit process versus aggregated: mostly aggregated. Sphera's authors say cradle-to-gate data "is provided in aggregated form" and that the underlying unit process models are not part of the standard delivery [14].

Format and flow list: Sphera's own format and flow list; ILCD exports map to the EF flow list [14].

License: maintenance contracts or subscription licenses; no list prices published [10].

Review: "Certified by DEKRA", with a published review summary [11] [13]. Known limits (publisher's words): "mostly average or generic LCI datasets", delivered aggregated, so the upstream chain cannot be inspected or changed [14].

AGRIBALYSE

Publisher: ADEME, the French Agency for Ecological Transition, with INRAE for agriculture [15].

Scope: "over 200 agricultural products" and "over 2,500 ready-to-eat foods" for France, with 16 EF indicators per product [15]. Version 3.2 (November 2024) sits on "ecoinvent 3.9.1 and WFLDB 3.5"; a new version comes "every 18/24 months", the next scheduled for 2026 [16].

System model: attributional foreground data on ecoinvent cut-off background; 3.2 "incorporated changes made to nearly 200 ecoinvent datasets" [17]. Unit process, built in SimaPro and distributed as SimaPro CSV, with openLCA, Brightway and Excel or CSV result tables also offered [17].

Flow list: SimaPro substances, or openLCA reference flows in the converted version.

License: free under the Etalab open license with attribution to ADEME, commercial use permitted; but "use of AGRIBALYSE in LCA softwares requires an ecoinvent License" [18] [17].

Known limits: ADEME does not guarantee "the absence of defects or involuntary errors"; the openLCA "core" version without ecoinvent "is likely to lead to discrepancies in the results" [18] [17]. GreenDelta reports that openLCA and SimaPro results agree on climate change but differ for toxicity and water use because of LCIA implementation differences [19].

Federal LCA Commons and the US LCI

Publisher: the Federal LCA Commons (FLCAC), a US inter-agency collaboration and "a central point of access to a collection of data repositories"; the US Life Cycle Inventory (USLCI) is curated by the National Laboratory of the Rockies (formerly NREL) [20] [21].

USLCI "provides individual gate-to-gate, cradle-to-gate, and cradle-to-grave accounting" for US processes; no dataset count is stated [21].

System model: no ecoinvent-style models; providers "will strive to submit unit processes in place of system processes" and multifunctional processes "should include all co-products and any associated allocation factors or displaced products" [22].

Cadence: "updated quarterly based on the U.S. Federal Government Fiscal Calendar", releases named by date such as 1.2026-09.0 [23].

Format and flow list: openLCA zolca and JSON-LD, plus ecoSpold2 and ILCD; "All elementary flows in LCI data on the FLCAC must be based off FEDEFL" [22] [23].

License: datasets are placed in the public domain "according to the CC0 1.0 license" [22].

Review: a five-phase curation process run by NLR curators [22].

Known limits: the FEDEFL repository ships mappings to TRACI, ReCiPe and openLCA but no EF 3.1 or ecoinvent file [24].

EF-compliant datasets on the Life Cycle Data Network

Publisher: the European Commission (JRC) sets the rules; contractors produce the datasets and publish them on nodes of the Life Cycle Data Network (LCDN).

An EF-compliant dataset must "follow the International Life Cycle Data (ILCD) format", "cover all EF impact categories", "use standardised nomenclature for emissions and resources", "apply EF modelling requirements" and have "been reviewed by qualified experts" [25].

Generations: EF 2.0 (2018 to 2021), EF 3.1 (2021 to 2025) and EF 4.0, "projected for 2028" [25].

Size: no total is published; the ecoinvent-led consortium produced "datasets for 1,269 processes" and Blonk lists 753 feed, 226 agrofood and 216 bio-based datasets [26] [27].

Format and flow list: ILCD XML on soda4LCA nodes, on the EF 3.1 reference package (93,993 elementary flows, 25 method datasets) [28]. Mainly aggregated, "as well as partly disaggregated at level-1 datasets" [29].

System model: EF rules, including the Circular Footprint Formula.

License: PEF or OEF studies only; "the rights of use for the EF3.1 data are granted till 31st December 2025" [29] [26].

Known limits: "many of the required EF-compliant datasets needed as inputs are not yet available"; transitional guidance ranks EF-compliant data first and ILCD entry-level data second, with a fixed disclaimer when non-EF data exceed 10 percent of the single score [25] [30].

Agri-footprint

Publisher: Blonk (Mérieux NutriSciences | Blonk), Netherlands.

Version: 7.0 holds "4800+" datasets for "63+" countries on ecoinvent 3.10 background; version 8, with "10,000+" datasets, was announced for summer 2026 and had not been released by October 2026 [31].

Scope: crops, feed, animal systems and food commodities.

Allocation: economic, mass and energy variants; "We do not recommend a default allocation approach", though economic allocation "is most compatible with LCI databases, such as ecoinvent 3.8 cut-off by classification" [32]. Version 7.0 is delivered as impact results in the Blonk Data Hub, as unit processes in JSON and in SimaPro; an openLCA release is announced [31].

License: research, commercial, consultancy, developer and enterprise tiers; no prices published [31].

Review: version 8 "has undergone a critical review by independent experts" [31].

Known limits: "indirect land use change is not taken into account", no soil carbon sequestration, conventional production only, consumer food waste excluded [32].

Industry association datasets

worldsteel (World Steel Association)

The methodology report (2017) is critically reviewed; the study reports are not: "the study report itself has not been critically reviewed, the methodology report (and all previous versions of it) have been reviewed" [33] [34]. The 2021 release covered 17 products from 143 sites in 34 countries; the 2026 release, on 2024 data, covers 16 products according to the press release and 17 datasets according to the request form [34] [35]. Allocation: system expansion for co-products, and for scrap a burden on scrap input plus a credit for end-of-life recycling, giving "cradle-to-gate-with-recycling" data [33]. The datasets are aggregated averages by product and region, modeled in GaBi with Sphera background [34]. Access is by request form. The data usage agreement states the data is "provided free of charge and may not be sold to other parties" and is supplied "only for the purpose of the study for which it was requested" [35].

Plastics Europe eco-profiles

"Life Cycle Inventory datasets (LCI) and Environmental Product Declarations (EPD) for plastics" covering polyolefins, PVC, PET, polystyrenes, polyamides, polycarbonate and precursors; methodology version 3.1; polyolefins and PVC "updated in March 2026" [36]. European cradle-to-gate averages, aggregated, also "found in their aggregated form in the SimaPro industrial database, and the GaBi database", in ecoinvent and in GLAD; no license is stated [36].

International Aluminium Institute

The 2019 LCI, "published in 2022", uses "thousands of data points collected from over 200 sites worldwide" across the industrial value chain, with impacts "calculated by a refined industrial model in Gabi"; downloads are a Word report and an Excel file, and no license is stated [37].

Carbon Minds (chemicals)

Publisher: Carbon Minds GmbH, Cologne. cm.chemicals covers "more than 1,700 chemicals and plastics" in "200+ regions"; the product page says "over 135,000+ datasets" while the pricing page says "more than 103,000 datasets" [38] [39].

All datasets are cradle-to-gate and aggregated at plant, technology, production-mix and consumption-mix level; allocation follows the ISO 14044 hierarchy with PCR-based rules for steam cracking and chlor-alkali, and ecoinvent is the transport background [40]. Reference year 2024, annual updates [38] [40].

Formats: Excel, SimaPro CSV and ILCD [39].

Cost: from "3,000€ / year" for a dataset selection and "1,700€ / year" per commodity [39].

Review: methodology reviewed by TÜV Rheinland, "TÜV-certified compliance" with ISO 14040, 14044 and 14067 [38] [40].

Known limits: capital goods and packaging excluded; the data does "not intend or support any comparative assertions to be disclosed to the public" [40].

EPD repositories: EC3, EPD International, ECO Platform and others

EPD repositories hold declared results per product and declared unit, usually the EN 15804+A2 indicators by life cycle module, with no elementary flows and no unit processes. Results cannot be re-characterized with another method, and EPDs expire, typically after five years.

Building Transparency EC3

a nonprofit tool, "the only free and open-access global embodied carbon accounting tool", with "50000+ Valid EPDs Hosted" [41]. EPDs are digitized in openEPD, an open data format (Apache 2.0) run by the openEPD Forum [42]. API use is free for exploration with "no commercial use rights"; paid tiers run from USD 5,000 to 50,000 a year [43].

EPD International

more than 23,800 EPDs published by October 2026; "The EPD Library gives you free access to all the EPDs" [44]. ILCD+EPD data comes through an API "subject to a formal request and approval process" [45].

ECO Platform

audits European program operators for EN 15804; "Digital EPDs in ILCD+EPD format are machine-readable EPD information stored in an XML file" [46]. Counts at 1 July 2026 include the International EPD System 12,749, PEP ecopassport 4,740, EPD-Global (EPD-Norway) 3,716, EPD Hub 3,301, IBU 2,565 and EPD Italy 1,906 [47]. Users are "not allowed to redistribute or sell the EPD data" [48].

EXIOBASE, USEEIO and other EEIO databases

Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) databases give sector averages per unit of money from national and satellite accounts, not per-process inventories.

EXIOBASE 3

a multi-regional supply-use and input-output table with a "163 industry by 200 products classification" [49]. Version 3.9.6 (June 2025, NTNU and partners) covers "44 countries (27 EU member plus 17 major economies) and five rest of the world regions", 1995 to 2020 with now-casts to 2022, and extensions including emissions, energy, land and water. Newer versions have followed, up to 3.11.2 (September 2026) with data to 2024, and updates are now annual [50]. License: the sources disagree. exiobase.eu states "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International", which applied to 3.8.2; the Zenodo record says "EXIOBASE v3.9 is released under a customized derivative of the CC-BY-SA-NC license", which applies to 3.9 and later, with commercial licenses available [49] [50].

USEEIO

the US EPA's models for "environmental decision-making", with "389 industry sectors" [51]. Models are built with the useeior R package (MIT license) on FEDEFL flows; the latest versions use the BEA 2017 detail schema [52] [53].

Limits of all EEIO data: sector averages hide product differences; intensities depend on price year and currency; recent years are now-cast. EEIO suits screening, gap filling and hybrid LCA, not product declarations.

The Swiss BAFU database (successor to UVEK, basis of the KBOB list)

Publisher: the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (BAFU).

Published yearly as "BAFU:20XY", succeeding UVEK:2022 [57]; BAFU:2025 (11,747 inventories) came out in December 2025 and BAFU:2026 in June 2026, and annual updates are planned [54] [55] [56].

Scope: Swiss and European background processes for public-sector LCA [54].

Format and flow list: ecoSpold1 and openLCA zolca, with its own flow list; BAFU:2026 includes results for "IPCC 2021, Ecological Scarcity 2021 (UBP2021), and Environmental Footprint 3.1" [54] [56]. Ecological Scarcity (UBP 2021) is the Swiss federal method, revised roughly every 7 to 10 years [54].

License: free; no resale; citation "Ökoinventar-Datenbank der Schweizer Bundesverwaltung, BAFU:20XY" required; in paid tools the data "must remain in the background of the user interface" [54].

Documentation: LCI Data Quality Requirements DQRv2.1 (June 2026) [54]. BAFU:2026 is the background for the KBOB/ecobau list due in spring 2027, brought closer to SN EN 15804+A2 and the 2024 EU Construction Products Regulation, though KBOB says full harmonization is not yet possible [57].

Comparison table

Combining databases

Datasets from different sources can be compared or mixed only after five things are shown to match.

Flow lists

Each database names elementary flows differently. ecoinvent measures fossil resources in kg and Sm3 where EF uses MJ; ecoinvent's particulate classes are exclusive size bands where EF's "particles (PM10)" is inclusive [9]. A method implemented on one list does not see the flows of another. In ecoinvent's public mapped EF 3.1 file for version 3.10, 947 of 4,344 ecoinvent flows are marked "ecoinvent orphan", with no EF counterpart [59].

Method implementations

"EF 3.1" in ecoinvent, SimaPro, openLCA and the JRC reference package are four implementations with different choices for regionalized factors, water use, particulate proxies and heating values, and they give different results for the same inventory [9] [28]. Scores from two databases are comparable only if the same implementation was applied to both, which requires the same flow list or a reviewed mapping.

Allocation and system model

Mixing ecoinvent cut-off with APOS or consequential datasets, or with an industry dataset that credits end-of-life recycling inside a cut-off study, double counts or omits burdens. Blonk notes that its economic allocation variant is the most compatible with ecoinvent cut-off [32].

Reference years and background

AGRIBALYSE 3.2 sits on ecoinvent 3.9.1, Agri-footprint 7.0 on ecoinvent 3.10, and the aluminium and steel datasets on Sphera backgrounds. Combining them brings several versions of the same electricity or transport process, with different reference years, into one system.

Double counting

Aggregated datasets already contain their upstream chain. Adding a background process to an aggregated cradle-to-gate dataset, or EEIO intensities on top of process data for the same input, counts the same burden twice.

Mapping layers

Public precedents show what a link between two flow lists must record. The UNEP GLAD format carries the source and target list name and version, flow name, UUID, context and unit on both sides, a MatchCondition (= equal, > superset, < subset, ~ proxy), a ConversionFactor, and Mapper, Verifier, LastUpdated and memo fields [58]. ecoinvent's method mapping files record how each match was found (name, synonym, CAS number, manual overwrite or proxy) and a conversion factor [59]. A link should therefore record both identifiers with list versions, the match type, the conversion factor and its basis (unit or a property such as heating value), the evidence for the match, who made and verified it, and the date. Without these, a score computed across a mapping cannot be traced or reproduced.

Practitioner questions

Which database does my EPD program accept?

Check the program's general instructions and the product category rule. EN 15804 programs commonly accept ecoinvent's EN 15804 model, Sphera data and national databases such as OEKOBAUDAT or the KBOB list, and set a maximum data age, which is why worldsteel removes data older than five years [34].

Is the dataset aggregated or unit process, and why does that matter?

A unit process shows its inputs and lets you swap the electricity mix or transport; an aggregated dataset shows only elementary flows. Aggregation protects confidentiality (Sphera, Carbon Minds, industry associations) but cannot be adapted or audited upstream.

Can I mix ecoinvent and an industry dataset in one model?

Yes, if the allocation rules are compatible, the flow lists are identical or mapped, the same method implementation is applied, and no upstream burden is counted twice. Record each check.

What does the license allow me to publish?

Licenses range from CC0 (USLCI), open with attribution (AGRIBALYSE), free with limits on resale or redistribution (BAFU, ECO Portal), PEF-only (EF 3.1 datasets, now expired), to commercial licenses that forbid redistribution of datasets (ecoinvent, Sphera, Carbon Minds). Read the license before publishing inventories, not only results.

FAQ

What is the difference between an LCI database and an EPD repository?

An LCI database holds process inventories with elementary flows that any implemented method can score. An EPD repository holds declared results per product, already characterized and verified, with no flows. EPD results cannot be re-characterized or linked into a process model.

Why do the same dataset and method give different results in two tools?

Each tool implements the method on its own flow list with its own choices for regionalization, particulates, water and heating values. Climate change usually agrees; water, land, toxicity and particulates often do not [9] [19].

Which ecoinvent system model should I use for an EPD?

EN 15804 programs expect the "Allocation, cut-off, EN15804" model, which follows the standard's end-of-waste rules and reports the EN 15804 indicators; it is a paid add-on [5] [6].

Are the EF 3.1 datasets still usable?

Their rights of use ended on 31 December 2025, and the Commission has published transitional guidance for the period until EF 4.0, projected for 2028 [25] [26] [30].

Can free databases replace ecoinvent?

BAFU, USLCI and AGRIBALYSE are free, but each has a defined geography and scope, and AGRIBALYSE still needs an ecoinvent license in LCA software. It depends on the study's geography, product and program rules.

Related reference

• LCIA methods reference: nine impact assessment methods, their versions, flow lists and licenses.
• Life cycle inventory: how an inventory is collected and scaled.
• LCA glossary: definitions of the terms used on this page.

Sources

1. ecoinvent, Database: https://ecoinvent.org/database/
2. ecoinvent, version 3.9.1, 3.10 and 3.10.1 release notes: https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecoinvent-version-3.9.1 ; https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecoinvent-version-3.10 ; https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecoinvent-version-3.10.1
3. ecoinvent, version 3.11 release notes: https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecoinvent-version-3.11
4. ecoinvent, version 3.12 release notes: https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecoinvent-version-3.12
5. ecoinvent, System models: https://support.ecoinvent.org/system-models
6. ecoinvent, Single-user (commercial) licence: https://ecoinvent.org/licenses/single-user/
7. ecoinvent, ecoSpold2 format: https://support.ecoinvent.org/ecospold2
8. ecoinvent, Data submission process: https://support.ecoinvent.org/data-submission-process
9. ecoinvent, Implementation of LCIA methods in ecoinvent v3.12 (2025): https://support.ecoinvent.org/hubfs/Knowledge%20Base/Database/Releases/3.12/LCIA%20Implementation%20v3.12.pdf
10. Sphera, A quick guide to Sphera's 2023.1 LCA databases update: https://sphera.com/resources/blog/a-quick-guide-to-spheras-2023-1-lca-databases-update/
11. Sphera, Managed LCA Content: https://sphera.com/solutions/product-stewardship/life-cycle-assessment-software-and-data/managed-lca-content/
12. Sphera, 2026 annual database update webinar: https://sphera.com/resources/events/2026-annual-database-update-spheras-managed-lca-content-webinar/
13. Sphera, Dataset documentation and DEKRA review summary: https://lcadatabase.sphera.com/dataset-documentation-download/
14. Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Japan, vol. 19 no. 4 (2023), from PE/thinkstep-GaBi to Sphera MLC: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/lca/19/4/19_227/_pdf/-char/en
15. ADEME, AGRIBALYSE programme: https://doc.agribalyse.fr/documentation-en/agribalyse-program/agribalyse-supporting-ecological-transition
16. ADEME, AGRIBALYSE database evolution: https://doc.agribalyse.fr/documentation-en/contact-us-and-contribute/database-evolution
17. ADEME, AGRIBALYSE data access: https://doc.agribalyse.fr/documentation-en/agribalyse-data/data-access
18. ADEME, AGRIBALYSE terms of use: https://doc.agribalyse.fr/documentation-en/agribalyse-data/terms-of-use-and-environmental-communication
19. GreenDelta, AGRIBALYSE 3.2 in openLCA (conversion note): https://www.openlca.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/AGB32_in_openLCA_for-Nexus_final.pdf
20. Federal LCA Commons: https://www.lcacommons.gov/
21. National Laboratory of the Rockies, US LCI database: https://www.nlr.gov/analysis/lci
22. FLCAC data submission handbook: https://flcac-admin.github.io/FLCAC-docs/datasubmissionhandbook/
23. FLCAC, USLCI release downloads: https://github.com/FLCAC-admin/uslci-content/blob/dev/docs/release_info/release-downloads.md
24. FEDEFL repository and mapping folder: https://github.com/FLCAC-admin/fedelemflowlist ; https://github.com/FLCAC-admin/fedelemflowlist/tree/master/fedelemflowlist/flowmapping
25. European Commission, Data for EF methods: https://green-forum.ec.europa.eu/green-business/environmental-footprint-methods/data-ef-methods_en
26. ecoinvent, PEF data platform: https://ecoinvent.org/projects/pef-data-platform/
27. Blonk, Development of the EU Environmental Footprint datasets: https://blonksustainability.nl/news/Development_of_the_EU_Environmental_Footprint_datasets
28. JRC, EF 3.1 reference package and addendum to the Guide for EF compliant data sets: https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/permalink/EF3_1/EF-v3.1.zip ; https://eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/permalink/EF_Data_Guide_EF3.1_addendum.pdf
29. ecoinvent EF data node: https://ecoinvent.lca-data.com/
30. European Commission, Transitional guidance on limited availability of EF-compliant datasets (14 July 2026): https://green-forum.ec.europa.eu/news/transitional-guidance-limited-availability-ef-compliant-datasets-2026-07-14_en
31. Blonk, Agri-footprint: https://blonksustainability.nl/tools/agri-footprint
32. Blonk, Agri-footprint FAQ: https://blonksustainability.nl/tools/agri-footprint/faq
33. worldsteel, Life cycle inventory methodology report (2017): https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/Life-cycle-inventory-methodology-report.pdf
34. worldsteel, Life cycle inventory study, 2021 data release: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021-LCA-Study-Report.pdf
35. worldsteel, press release, worldsteel releases 2026 LCI database: https://worldsteel.org/media/press-releases/2026/worldsteel-releases-2026-lci-database/ ; request form: https://worldsteel.org/wider-sustainability/life-cycle-thinking/lca-lciform/ ; data usage agreement: https://worldsteel.org/wider-sustainability/life-cycle-thinking/lca-lciform/lci-data-usage-agreement/
36. Plastics Europe, Eco-profiles set: https://plasticseurope.org/sustainability/circularity/life-cycle-thinking/eco-profiles-set/
37. International Aluminium Institute, 2019 LCI data and environmental metrics: https://international-aluminium.org/resources/2019-life-cycle-inventory-lci-data-and-environmental-metrics/
38. Carbon Minds, carbon footprint and LCA data: https://www.carbon-minds.com/products/data/carbon-footprint-and-lca-data/
39. Carbon Minds, pricing: https://www.carbon-minds.com/pricing/
40. Carbon Minds, cm.chemicals methodology V2.03 (June 2026): https://www.carbon-minds.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/cm_chemicals_methodology_V2.03_2026.pdf
41. Building Transparency, EC3: https://www.buildingtransparency.org/ec3/
42. openEPD Forum: https://www.open-epd-forum.org/
43. Building Transparency, API access and pricing: https://www.buildingtransparency.org/api-access-pricing/
44. EPD International, home and library: https://www.environdec.com/home ; https://www.environdec.com/library
45. EPD International, API: https://www.environdec.com/services/api
46. ECO Platform, ECO EPD 4.0 and digital EPD: https://www.eco-platform.org/eco-epd-40.html
47. ECO Platform, ECO EPD programmes and counts: https://www.eco-platform.org/the-eco-epd-programs.html
48. ECO Platform, terms and conditions: https://www.eco-platform.org/terms-conditions.html
49. EXIOBASE: https://www.exiobase.eu/
50. EXIOBASE 3.9.6 and 3.11.2 on Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/records/15689391 ; https://zenodo.org/records/23039074 ; 3.8.2: https://zenodo.org/records/5589597
51. US EPA, USEEIO models: https://www.epa.gov/land-research/us-environmentally-extended-input-output-useeio-models
52. US EPA, useeior: https://github.com/USEPA/useeior
53. US EPA, USEEIO model versions: https://github.com/USEPA/USEEIO/blob/master/models.md
54. BAFU, Ökobilanzierung (LCA data, terms, DQRv2.1): https://www.bafu.admin.ch/de/oekobilanzierung
55. GreenDelta, BAFU 2025 release: https://www.openlca.org/exciting-release-of-bafu-2025-a-free-database/
56. GreenDelta, BAFU:2026 version 1 on Nexus: https://www.openlca.org/bafu2026-version-1-is-now-available-on-nexus/
57. KBOB, update of the KBOB/ecobau list of LCA data: https://www.kbob.admin.ch/de/aktualisierung-und-weiterentwicklung-kbobecobau-liste-der-oekobilanzdaten
58. UNEP GLAD elementary flow resources and mapping format: https://github.com/UNEP-Economy-Division/GLAD-ElementaryFlowResources ; https://github.com/UNEP-Economy-Division/GLAD-ElementaryFlowResources/blob/master/Formats/FlowMapping.md
59. ecoinvent LCIA mapping repository, including the mapped EF 3.1 file for 3.10: https://github.com/ecoinvent/lcia ; https://github.com/ecoinvent/lcia/blob/master/3.10/methods_mapped/EF%20v3.1_mapped_3.10.csv